<p>&nbsp;The main aim of this study was to determine factors affecting implementation of the sixth grade of elementary curriculum based on the pattern of Fullan of its teachers and elementary school principals in Koohrang city. In this study the method that used was mixed and kind of explanation. In a small study, due to the small population size, all teachers and elementary school principals who have independent directors were selected by census method and 150 questionnaires (100 teachers- 50 directors) were answered. The reliability of the questionnaire through Cranach's alpha (0/94) are calculated and its validity by faculty supervisor and counselor of Education was approved. In small part of descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics for the tests of t-test, independent t-dependent and inter-group analysis of variance was used. In the qualitative study, interviews were conducted with six managers and 7 teachers and researchers reached theoretical saturation. In the qualitative part for data analysis coding core was used. Quantitative and qualitative results of this study show that from the perspective of teachers and administrators to curriculum features (need, clarity, complexity, quality and usefulness of the program) and local features Curriculum (Department of Community School administrators and teachers) not paid sufficient attention.</p>

 The present study aime to investigate the problems facing the implementation of teacher-as-researcher plan from viewpoint of teachers and principals as researcher in Ilam city. Methodologically, it was a mixed research of exploratory and in term of objective it was a practical and applied one. In the qualitative phase, the data was collected through interview and in the quantitative phase, the data was gathered through two researcher-made questionnaires " Facing Implementation of Teacher-as-Researcher Plan" and The Tendency of Teachers Toward Action Research in the Next Years". The reliability of the questionnaires was estimated by Cronbach alpha as 0.87 and 0.94 respectively and their validity was confirmed by professors in education department and both supervisor and advisor. To analyze the data, in qualitative and quantitative phases, the open encoding, selective methods and descriptive- inferential statistics were used respectively. the inferential phase analysis, the t-test one sample, t-test two independent groups, two nominal non-parametric test or proportion, one-wat variance analysis, intragroup variance analysis and Pearson correlation test were used. In the qualitative phase, the participants were consisted of the teachers with longest experiences in action research as well as the professionals in research from education office and in the quantitative phase, 109 people comprised of teachers as researcher and 100 people of principals in teacher-as-researcher plan from Ilam city were participated. In the former phase, 13 people with longest experiences in action research and two professionals in research were selected. In the latter phase, the whole teachers as researcher as well as the principals participated in the plan were selected through census because of the limited population. The results showed that the teacher-as-researcher plan was lower than baseline in such aspects as in service and orientation trainings , sources and facilities, planning , motivation, attitudes, skilled in researcher, appraisal , family and students. The problems were classified at three levels. There was a significant difference between teachers and principals' views about the facing the implementation of the plan related to sources and facilities, planning, motivation, knowledge and skills in research, delivering information, oversee, family and student. There was also a significant difference betwean teachers and principals of elementary and secondary schools on such factors as in-service and orientation trainings, sources, facilities, motivation, attitudes, oversee. However , there was no significant difference between problems facing the implementation of teacher-as-researcher and the tendency of teachers toward action research in next years.

 The aim of the present study was to investigate the condition of communication and information technology in the teaching-learning environment of elementary smart schools at Shush city. The method used in this research is a mixed- explanation one. This study was conducted in the boy elementary smart schools of Shush city. In the quantitative section, due to being small the sample size, the whole teachers were selected through a census, who answered to 70 questions. The quantitative data were collected using a researcher- made questionnaire. The validity of questionnaire was confirmed by specialists in education as well as supervisor and advisor. The reliability was estimated by Cronbach alpha ( 94%). Also in quantitative section, the descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation) was used and in the inferential statistics the single-group method was used to test the questions. In the qualitative section, 10 principals and 10 teachers were interviewed and the researcher was theoretically saturated. Also in this section, the open and axial coding was used. The findings showed that the condition of communication and information technology in 5 components (i) use of electronic content (multimedia) by teachers (ii) designing an electronic content( multimedia) (iii) the role of students in preparation of electronic content (multimedia) (iv) use of communication and information technology to continue the teaching-learning course (v) encouraging the students to deploy the communication and information technology to learn deeply and widely by teachers was lower than the expected level. Also, after interviewing with stakeholders, such important obstacles as ( a) lack of sufficient knowledge and skills in teachers, students and families(b) cultural, attitudinal and motivational problems related to teachers, families and students (c) the problems in infrastructure, facilities and financial resources (d) the curriculum problems were identified

Current study was carried out to compare the impact of linear and non-linear blended learning on Students' Academic achievement in experimental science lesson. In this semi-experimental research, by two-group design with pre-test and post-test, 50 of 7th grade junior high school male students in Andimeshk city were selected using cluster sampling and then randomly divided into two groups (linear and nonlinear). In this research, students' training was in the form of a combination of in-person training (teaching in the classroom) and learning through an electronic learning environment in seven sessions with duration of 90 minutes. A univariate analysis of covariance was used for analyzing the pre-test and post-test data. Measuring instrument was a researcher-made test for measuring Academic achievement in experimental science lesson consisted of 30 multiple-choice questions and a self-regulated learning strategies questionnaire contained 22 questions based on five-point Likert scale. The validity of researcher-made test was confirmed by department of experimental sciences of Andimeshk city and its advisors and supervisors and the reliability was calculated by test-retest method (75%). Moreover, reliability of self-regulated learning strategies was calculated by Cronbach's alpha coefficient (78%). The 95% confidence level of the results indicates that linear blended learning group have more Academic achievements compared with the non-linear blended learning in experimental science lesson. In addition, the results showed that after controlling the impact of self-regulated learning strategies in post-test scores, there was still a significant difference between two groups of linear and non-linear blended learning and linear blended learning group have more Academic achievements comparing to non-linear blended learning group in experimental science lesson.

This study has been conducted to investigate the relationship between role clarity and awareness of duties with job commitment and job performance of assistant principals of Shavour Region schools. In order to conduct the descriptive-applied research, 105 people have been selected from all assistant principals (145 people) of Shavour schools using random stratified sampling method (based on sample size). Data collection has been conducted using 4 questionnaires of role clarity, awareness of duties, job commitment and job performance. Validity of the questionnaires has been tested using content validity and their reliability has been also tested using Cronbach alpha coefficient. Data analysis has been performed using Pearson correlation coefficient. According to obtained results, mean scores obtained from the questionnaires of role clarity and job commitment and obtained significance level (0.124), the correlation between them has not been significant. Moreover, the correlation has been significant and direct between role clarity and job performance in significance level of 0.000. The correlation between awareness of duties and job commitment has been significant and indirect according to significance level (0.039). The correlation between awareness of duties and job performance has been significant and direct according to obtained significance level (0.000). Obtained results indicate that role clarity and awareness of duties can result in performing duties in better manner and can also result in enhancement of job performance of assistant principals of Shavour region schools.

The main purpose of this study is examining the quality of written feedback of teachers and its relationship with components including: teaching record of teacher in current grade or service record by benefiting from descriptive assessment. Research methodology is analyzing quantitative contents. Statistical society of this research is teachers of elementary schools (first, second and third grade) of Education Department, District.3 of Ahvaz. Statistical sample of this research is 158 teachers of elementary schools that were selected by class random sampling method in compliance with volume sample. The analysis unit of this research is written feedbacks of teachers and the research data is collected by using checklist designed by the researcher. The validity of questionnaire was confirmed and the reliability of questionnaire was determined by correlation as .98%. Data was analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics by assistance of single sample T-test and Spearman correlation coefficient. Research findings show that quality of written feedback of teachers for the courses of essay and mathematics is lower than appropriate level and there is no significant basic feedback between quality of written feedback of teachers for essay and mathematics and teaching record for the current grade (school year 2014-2015). Moreover, there is no significant feedback between participation of teachers at service record, descriptive assessment, quality of written feedback for the courses of essay and mathematics.

The aim of this study was to identify the impact of Health education through group discussion in the social media environment on knowledge, attitude and health behavior of students. In this quasi-experimental design with nonequivalent control group, 40 girls student in 7th grade students of secondary schools in Abadan were selected with cluster sampling and group's random assignment experimental and control. The experimental group received five sessions of presentations in class and groups discussion via social media and the control group received instruction through classroom lectures and groups discussion. The pre-test and post-test data Were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance methods. A questionaree made by researcher was used. Questionnaire measuring included 30 questions on knowledge, 31 questions on attitude and 20 questions, test can measure health behavior, made by the researcher. Questions validity was confirmed by experts Public Health School of Abadan Medical University and retest reliability was calculated in order for the tool to assess knowledge, attitudes, and behavior, 0.74, 0.81, and 0.90 .This research finds with significant 95% showed group discussion in the social media environment in campare with group discussion in the classroom Significantly on knowledge, attitudes and health behavior to be more effective. The analysis covariance of the scores difference was due to the intervention via lecture and group discussion through social media. Follow-up test, one month later was performed. Stability test were obtained in the experimental group.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between individual and organizational factors associated with the use of educational technology was conducted by faculty members of Shahid Chamran university. The research, quantitative and from the perspective of this study, applied research, collecting data through two questionnaires: "The use of educational technology by faculty members" Which was completed by faculty members and students., and "individual and organizational factors using educational technology" was done. Analysis of data, descriptive and inferential statistical methods thus in the descriptive analysis of frequency distribution, mean and standard deviation to analyze data obtained from the inferential statistical tests (t-test one-sample and independent, correlation and multiple regression) were used. Participants in this study, 100 faculty members and 300 students shahid Chamran University who were selected through random sampling stratified relative. Based on the results, the use of educational technology by faculty members shahid Chamran was not desirable. Also, the attitudes of students and faculty shahid Chamran about the use of educational technology significantly different, Finally, individual factors such as interest, attitudes, needs and fears of the faculty with their use of educational technology there is a significant relationship, In contrast, individual factors such as knowledge, skills and time usage shahid Chamran University faculty members have no meaningful relationship. Also, according to this study, organizational factors such as reward and faculty members access to equipment with the use of educational technology are meaningful relationship. In contrast, organizational factors such as technical support, financial support and organizational culture of the shahid Chamran University faculty members have no meaningful relationship educational technology.

This research aims to study professional ethics status in heads of departments in Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz. Among the heads of departments of the university working in the academic year 2014-2015, 50 people were selected, 544 people were selected from faculty of departments and 2586 individuals were selected from higher education students as study sample. The research methodology, with regard to the objectives and nature of the subject, the descriptive one of survey type. Cadozire Professional ethics questionnaire (2000) was used to collect information. reliability coefficient for Cadozire is (0.84). The results showed that although from the respondents viewpoint, comply with all elements of professional ethics in educational activities at the University is of high necessity and utility, but the current state of such standards in Shahid Chamran university education is actually considered at acceptable levels. Second, despite the fact that managers evaluated theirselves better, but faculty members of department and students considered them as lower levels. This finding may indicate that individuals have generally positive view about themselves and their performance.